Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (浜松ホトニクス株式会社, Hamamatsu Hotonikusu Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese manufacturer of optical sensors (including photomultiplier tubes), electric light sources, and other optical devices and their applied instruments for scientific, technical and medical use.
- The Japan-based company Hamamatsu Photonics (also known as Hamamatsu) has emerged since the 1950s as a leader in the photomultiplier industry. Hamamatsu, in the tradition of RCA, has published its own handbook, which is available without cost on the company's website.
- Hamamatsu Photonics at 1126-1 ICHINO-CHO HIGASHI-KU HAMAMATSU, SHIZUOKA 435-8558. Find their customers, contact information, and details on 17 shipments.
The final stage of automated driving is level 4, full automation, called “brain off”, which means that there is no task for the driver anymore. Drivers elink. This is the most critical level, as the vehicle will have to monitor all safety-critical driving functions on its own, and cope with all kinds of unpredictable conditions that could appear. What complicates it even more is that vehicles with different automation levels will be on the road in future. It would be easier if only fully automated cars are around, as these cars could communicate and know how the others would react.
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Even if suitable assistance systems have already existed, each function will need redundancy for fully automated driving. Different technologies should be used, to reduce the failure case to as close to zero as possible. So for example for the 360° surround view and positioning, cars will have to use in parallel Radar, LIDAR, cameras and GPS.
These developments in automated driving are one reason why LIDAR adoption is predicted to drastically increase in the next decade. You can find more information on optical LIDAR technology here and in our rangefinder overview. Datronicsoft Port Devices Driver Download for windows.
As well as this, the steering angle sensor needs to have two redundant measurements, for example in magnetic and optical technology.
Especially in level 3 automated driving, the takeover time of the driver after a phase with other activities is crucial. Therefore good driver observation is necessary inside the car, which can for example be done with a 3D TOF camera sensor, as described here.
In addition to these safety functions, the interior will gain more importance in automated vehicles, as the driver and other passengers will be allowed to do other activities. Especially in level 4, the driver could use all kind of multimedia devices or even sleep during the trip. So for example the interior lighting and multimedia will be of increased importance.
Finally, but one of the most important points, automated cars will be connected with each other and the surrounding infrastructure. Besides broadband and WIFI data transfer, optical infrared communication can be used for data transmission, to build smart streets and smart cities to optimize traffic routing in the future. You can find more information about optical communication here.
Image sensing in dispersive spectroscopy applications requires a linear array image sensor with very low noise and a high bit rate for high sensitivity and high speed measurements. In order to reduce the detector dark noise and further increase the sensitivity of the measurement, a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) is required. These requirements also demand high performance electronics to interface with the sensor. The sensor readout requires low noise and fast settling amplifiers and a low noise, precision analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The TEC requires precision current control and voltage limiting in order to precisely control the temperature. Power management electronics must be capable of delivering the high power required by the TEC, as well as the low noise required by the readout circuitry. Finally, a good printed circuit board layout is critical to avoid magnetically or conductively coupled interference of the high power switching signals with the precision readout electronics.
Designing a system with discrete electronic components to interface with these complex and high performance sensors has been a challenge in the past, requiring careful trade off of size and complexity vs. performance. Hamamatsu Photonics, Inc. and Analog Devices, Inc. saw this as an opportunity to combine their expertise to create a reference design for the Hamamatsu G920x InGaAs linear image sensor family, where Hamamatsu provided the sensor and system components and Analog Devices designed the analog front-end (AFE) board. This reference design allows modular evaluation by interfacing to FPGA carrier cards via an FMC connector. Analog Devices’ µModule® regulators are used to provide a compact, optimal layout for the most challenging layout portions of the design. For example, the LTM8053 µModule buck regulator integrates the magnetic components with an internal layout that greatly reduces electromagnetic noise. By providing a compact and optimized layout and reducing the component count, these highly integrated products also enable a smaller solution without trading off performance.
Three key highly integrated products enable this compact and high performance AFE design:
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The ADAQ7980 is a single-chip, high performance, 16-bit, 1 MSPS SAR ADC data acquisition system module. The ADAQ7980 features a high precision SAR ADC with an integrated ADC driver, a reference buffer, an LDO regulator, and integrated precision passives and decoupling components.
The ADN8835 is a precision TEC controller with integrated 3 A power FETs. The ADN8835 precisely controls the temperature of the sensor without requiring external discrete power FETs.
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The LTM8053 is an ultralow noise 3.5 A Silent Switcher® µModule buck switching regulator. The LTM8053 integrates the switching controller, power switches, inductor, and all support components into a compact package laid out for optimal noise performance. Gemalto downloads.
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These products demonstrate key characteristics of Analog Devices’ highly integrated products, which include reducing BOM complexity and board space, performance optimization by eliminating board-level parasitics in critical circuits, and reducing system errors and uncertainty by providing performance specifications that encompass more of the signal chain. Additional high performance Analog Devices components are used to complete the AFE solution, including the ADR4550 precision voltage reference and the ADA4807 high speed precision amplifier. The AFE also provides the capability to synchronize the clocks of the LTM8053 and ADN8835 with the sampling clock that is provided to the sensor and ADAQ7980.
In summary, Analog Devices has partnered with Hamamatsu Photonics, Inc. to develop a high performance reference design for sensors in the Hamamatsu G920x linear array NIR/SWIR InGaAs image sensor family. These linear array InGaAs image sensors have a high readout speed and include an integrated TEC to cool the optical detectors for extremely low noise operation. This makes them an excellent choice for high performance NIR/SWIR spectroscopy applications such as gas and mineral identification. An Analog Devices AFE board has been developed to interface to these sensors, featuring high performance and compact size enabled by Analog Devices’ highly integrated products. More information, including complete design files and documentation for this solution, can be found on the Hamamatsu website.